Pulling keys upward is cumbersome, so only slow tunes could be played on the organistrum. Due to its size, the organistrum was played by two people, one of whom turned the crank while the other pulled the keys upward. The organistrum had a single melody string and two drone strings, which ran over a common bridge, and a relatively small wheel. One of the earliest forms of the hurdy-gurdy was the organistrum, a large instrument with a guitar-shaped body and a long neck in which the keys were set (covering one diatonic octave).
911) describing the lira ( lūrā) as a typical instrument within the Byzantine Empire. The first recorded reference to fiddles in Europe was in the 9th century by the Persian geographer Ibn Khurradadhbih (d. The hurdy-gurdy is generally thought to have originated from fiddles in either Europe or the Middle East (e.g., the rebab instrument) some time before the eleventh century A.D. History Ancient kings playing an organistrum at the Pórtico de la Gloria in the Catedral de Santiago de Compostela in Santiago de Compostela, Spain One or more of the gut strings called 'trompette' usually passes over a buzzing bridge called the 'chien' that can be made to produce a distinctive percussive buzzing sound as the player turns the wheel. It is mostly used in Occitan, Aragonese, Cajun French, Asturian, Cantabrian, Galician, Hungarian, and Slavic folk music, it can also be seen in early music settings such as medieval, renaissance or baroque music. For this reason, the hurdy-gurdy is often used interchangeably or along with bagpipes. Most hurdy-gurdies have multiple drone strings, which give a constant pitch accompaniment to the melody, resulting in a sound similar to that of bagpipes. Like most other acoustic stringed instruments, it has a sound board and hollow cavity to make the vibration of the strings audible. Melodies are played on a keyboard that presses tangents-small wedges, typically made of wood or metal-against one or more of the strings to change their pitch. The wheel functions much like a violin bow, and single notes played on the instrument sound similar to those of a violin. The hurdy-gurdy is a string instrument that produces sound by a hand-crank-turned, rosined wheel rubbing against the strings. Problems playing this file? See media help.
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